Dr Kibur Engdawork
I, Kibur Engdawork (PhD), am an Assistant Professor at the Department of Sociology, at Addis Ababa University. I have co-authored articles in reputable peer-reviewed journals. In collaboration with colleagues, I have won a national and international research grants. I have been awarded a post-doctoral research fellowship for Social Sciences for Severe Stigmatizing Skin Diseases (5S foundation), a research project jointly implemented by Brighton and Sussex Medical School (BSMS) and Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa (OSSREA), funded through the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR).
As a postdoctoral researcher at the 5S foundation/GHI-BSMS, I have been evaluating the effectiveness of social interventions that aim to improve the lives of individuals affected by Neglected Tropical Disease (NTDs). I have conducted my fieldwork activities in rural Ethiopia which is characterized by poor infrastructure. As a person born and raised in urban areas, my research activities have taught me much about human suffering. And this taught me a life lesson: to count my blessings and work hard to make the world a little healthier.
One of the major challenges I have faced in my research journey is in relation to respondents’ expectations. Some patients think that researchers are practitioners. Spending considerable time with affected individuals who perceive researchers as problem solvers i.e., practitioners who administer medicine has made my research journey somehow difficult. This expectation reminds me of one of the basic principles of research ethics: How would studies benefit respondents? NTDs like podoconiosis, a condition that develops due to walking barefoot for a long period of time with a background of genetic sustainability, are not amenable to mass drug administration (MDA). The disease results in the swelling of the lower legs among patients. As it stands, no immediate solution completely reverses the swelling, but the condition can be managed. Treatments can reduce the swelling and wearing shoes can prevent the disease. As patients would always hope to get cured from their conditions, conducting interviews with them, and leaving their homes without meeting their expectations leaves a bad taste in mouths.
However, I realise that fighting NTDs like podoconiosis is very difficult as it requires years of efforts. The 5S foundation equipped me with research knowledge and skills to study NTDs from a social science perspective. Unlike other research projects I have worked on before, 5S foundation improved my knowledge through capacity-building trainings, particularly on concepts and methods of medical anthropology. It further helped me to learn about the contexts in which exposures to NTDs are created and sustained. I have learned about the importance of fighting the structure that creates and sustains the risks of developing the conditions. There is no quick fix for NTDs as the conditions are intertwined with several political, social, and economic factors. The project has helped us unravel the multiple actors across macro, meso and micro levels that should be included to fight NTDs. Put otherwise, we need to engage affected individuals, health workers, local administrators, local organisations such as schools, community leaders, religious institutions, civil societies, the scientific community, media, policymakers and international actors to bring about meaningful changes. It further needs mobilising domestic and international resources.
Social science researchers may not administer oral medicines but ‘social medicines’ that helps to deal with the social environment wherein immediate causes of diseases operate. My colleagues and I from the 5S will be making recommendations to optimise interventions to deal with the social causes of people’s suffering. Our efforts may not be measured clearly but will eventually help improve patients' lives. The journey is very long; and sometimes depressant, but the outcomes of our research activities and anticipated impacts keep me going. Yes, we will eliminate NTDs in our lifetime!