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Brighton & Sussex Medical School

Cognitive Epidemiology, Dementia, and Ageing Research (CEDAR) Lab

Cognitive Epidemiology, Dementia, and Ageing Research (CEDAR) Lab

CEDAR lab focuses on the role of biopsychosocial factors on cognitive ageing, cerebrovascular and dementia risk, ensuring a multidisciplinary approach across neuroscience, psychology, epidemiology, and public health perspectives. We aim to investigate modifiable risk factors, biological mechanisms, disease progression and the impact of disease on the individual’s quality of life. From the range of modifiable risk factors, we examine the cognitive and psychosocial assets (e.g., cognitive reserve, social connections, cultural and community engagement), psychological and socioeconomic stressors, as well as social deficits (e.g., loneliness, isolation and social restrictions).

 

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What we explore

Cognitive Ageing

Investigating the changes in cognitive abilities that occur with age and identifying the biological, psychological, and social factors contributing to cognitive decline. Examining social, economic, and cultural elements that account for cognitive health disparities in the ageing population. This extends to laboratory studies exploring the impact of psychosocial factors on cognitive, cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and immune functions. Prospective associations between acute physiological responses to emotional stress and the development of cardiometabolic diseases, stroke, cognitive impairment and dementia are also examined.

Dementia Epidemiology and Factors

Examining population-based studies on dementia and other age-related conditions, with a focus on both non-modifiable factors (e.g., genetics) and modifiable factors (e.g., environmental and social influences). Exploring the biological processes through which social status and psychosocial factors impact the risk of dementia. Our research delves into the intricate interplay between psychological processes, neuroendocrine activation, inflammation, depression and dementia risk.

Psychosocial Resilience and Interventions

Developing strategies to promote healthy cognitive ageing and enhance cognitive and psychosocial resilience. A particular emphasis is placed on understanding the impact of mental stress on inflammatory, metabolic, and haemostatic processes. We investigate the connections between physiological responses and psychosocial risk factors, including low socioeconomic position, depression, and loneliness. In addition, our research aims to explore the role of technology in promoting cognitive health among older adults, involving the development of lifestyle and cognitive interventions to prevent or delay the onset of dementia and evaluating the utility of technology in this context.

BACKGROUND IMAGE FOR PANEL
BACKGROUND IMAGE FOR PANEL
BACKGROUND IMAGE FOR PANEL
BACKGROUND IMAGE FOR PANEL

News

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Featured in the New Scientist article: ‘We may finally know how cognitive reserve protects against Alzheimer's’. Read more here >

Interviewed by BBC Radio 4 Inside Health ‘Human challenge trials, Chess & memory, Dementia misdiagnosed’. Find out more here >

Interviewed by BBC 4 The Learning Revolution ‘Learning and the brain’. Find out more here >

Interviewed by BBC Radio Sussex Sarah Gorell Show: Dementia and how it can be avoided or delayed through learning, socialising, and exercise. Find out more here >

BSMS news ‘Urban/rural living have opposite effects on memory performance in England and China’. Read more here >

Publications

Selected Publications

  • Cadar D, Abell J, Matthews FE, Brayne C, Batty D, Llewellyn DJ, & Steptoe A. Cohort Profile Update: The Harmonised Cognitive Assessment Protocol Sub-study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA-HCAP). International Journal of Epidemiology, 2020. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa227
  • Cadar D, Lassale C, Davies H, Llewellyn DJ, Batty GD, Steptoe A. Individual and area-based socioeconomic differentials in dementia incidence in England: Evidence from a 12-year follow-up of participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. JAMA Psychiatry, 2018, 75, 723-732. DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1012
  • Saadi JP, Carr E, Fleischmann M, Murray E, Head J, Steptoe A, Cadar D. The role of loneliness in the development of depressive symptoms among partnered dementia caregivers: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. European Psychiatry, 2021, 1-39. DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.20
  • Ma Y, Ajnakina O, Steptoe A, & Cadar D. Higher risk of dementia in English older individuals who are overweight or obese. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2020. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa099
  • Cadar, D., Robitaille, A., Pattie, A., Deary, I. J., & Muniz-Terrera, G. The long arm of childhood intelligence on terminal decline: Evidence from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1921. Psychology and Aging, 2020. DOI: 10.1037/pag0000477
  • Cadar, D, Robitaille A, Clouston S, Hofer SM, Piccinin AM, Muniz-Terrera G. An international evaluation of cognitive reserve and memory changes in early old age in ten European countries. Neuroepidemiology, 2017. DOI: 10.1159/000452276
  • Fancourt D, Steptoe A, Cadar D. Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance is inversely associated with dementia incidence over a 10-year period. British Journal of Psychiatry, 2018, 213, 661-663. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2018.129
  • Jackowska M. & Cadar D. The mediating role of low-grade inflammation on the prospective association between sleep and cognitive function in older men and women: 8-year follow-up from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.103967
  • Yin J, Lassale C, Steptoe A, Cadar D. Exploring the bidirectional associations between loneliness and cognitive functioning over 10 years: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, International Journal of Epidemiology, 2019. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz085
  • Hollamby A, Davelaar EJ, Cadar D. Increased Physical Fitness Is Associated with Higher Executive Functioning in People with Dementia. Frontiers in Public Health, 2017, 5,346. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00346.

Read more here >